Concreting should be preceded by the determination by a specialized laboratory of concrete components and its recipe as well as checking the characteristics of the mixture produced under construction conditions.. All concrete additives (plasticizers, sealants and set retarders) should have approvals and be …

Concrete should be used only from factories, which ensures strict compliance with the requirements for the production of a mixture intended for installation under water. The plant should produce a mix of a consistency suitable for underwater concreting and for high temperature …

Underwater concrete structures are currently built on the bottom of the oceans at depths up to 1000 m. Up to approx 300 m are concreted "in situ". At greater depths - they are assembled from prefabricated elements made on land and connected under water with concrete joints there …

Many new solutions for flat roofs use polymer-asphalt self-adhesive roofing felt, put on hard, non-absorbent thermal insulation boards. The main advantage of these roofing papers is the vapor permeability that diffuses from the inside of the flat roof to the outside. Another advantage is the possibility of using a single-layer roof covering, wherein …

Bipartite roofs best protect residential interiors against excessive heat loss, moisture and overheating. They are recommended especially above rooms with water vapor pressure above 2130 Well. In double-section flat roofs, the air space above the insulated ceiling under the roofing structure has …

The flat roof protects the internal rooms of the building against rainfall and temperature changes, that is, the influence of the external climate. The flat roof consists of many layers with different functions. On the supporting structure (ceiling) there is often a vapor barrier (vapor barrier), then a thermal insulation layer (thermal insulation). Between …

Window handles are generally just plain ugly. However, it is increasingly possible to search for the original ones, deviating from the ugly standard.

In the aesthetic consciousness of users, window handles play a rather subordinate role. Single-family houses and apartments are renovated from time to time …

Thanks to the use of Fasrock Max boards with a very good thermal conductivity coefficient λ = 0,037 W / mK (for boards with a thickness above 100 mm), ECOROCK MAX provides the best insulation of external walls of buildings

As a result, a very high thermal resistance R = is obtained …

The type of external walls of the buildings determines whether the residents will feel comfortable in them. Thermal and humidity comfort taken together make up the so-called. indoor microclimate, which may or may not be beneficial to residents, and this, in turn, may …

From among all building elements, thermal insulation of external walls and flat roofs has the greatest impact on their energy efficiency.. These partitions are designed to protect the interior and occupants of buildings against the effects of weather conditions and excessive heat losses. Knowing, że przez ściany zewnętrzne wydostaje …